ABU AL-QASIM AL-ZAHRAWI: PROMINENT IN THE FIELD OF PHARMACOLOGY [ABU AL- QASIM AL-ZAHRAWI: KETOKOHAN DALAM BIDANG FARMAKOLOGI]

Muhammad Afifi Helmi Mohd Azhar, Izziah Suryani Mat Resad@Arshad

Abstract


Abstrak

 

Abu al-Qasim Khalaf bin ‘Abbas al-Zahrawi atau lebih dikenali sebagai al-Zahrawi merupakan seorang tokoh pembedahan yang ulung dari al-Andalus. Beliau terkenal dengan sumbangan yang besar dalam dunia pembedahan melalui magnum opus beliau yang berjudul Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif, iaitu karya ulung yang memuatkan segenap cabang ilmu perubatan. Keunggulan al-Zahrawi dalam membukukan ilmu pembedahan secara terperinci dan meluas dalam kitab ini telah menyebabkan nama beliau tersohor dalam dunia pembedahan sehingga digelar ‘Bapa Pembedahan Moden’. Daripada 30 makalah yang terkandung di dalam Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif, makalah 30 membincangkan topik pembedahan manakala sebahagian besar maklumat dalam kitab ini pelbagai cabang ilmu perubatan menyentuh tentang farmasi dan farmakologi. Walau bagaimanapun, tidak banyak penulisan mengenai sumbangan al-Zahrawi terkait dengan farmakologi, terutama dalam bahasa Melayu. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meninjau sumbangan al-Zahrawi dalam bidang farmakologi dalam Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif. Kajian kualitatif ini dijalankan menerusi kaedah kepustakaan dan analisa sejarah. Hasil analisa mendapati al- Zahrawi memuatkan sebahagian besar ilmu perubatan dalam kitab ini terkait maklumat farmakologi. Bidang farmakologi yang dibincangkan oleh al-Zahrawi merangkumi teknik persediaan ubat-ubatan farmaseutikal, bentuk sediaan farmaseutikal, peralatan farmaseutikal, operasi persediaan, bentuk-bentuk ubat dan bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam proses persediaan ubat-ubatan. Kajian ini juga turut meninjau sumbangan beliau terhadap penulisan dalam bidang ini meliputi maklumat farmakologi yang dirintis oleh beliau sendiri seperti yang didakwa oleh para pengkaji sejarah.

 

Kata Kunci: al-Zahrawi; Andalus; farmakologi. farmasi, Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif.

 

Abstract

 

Abu al-Qasim bin ‘Abbas al-Zahrawi or better known as al-Zahrawi is a prominet figure of surgery from Andalus. He is famous for his great contribution in the of surgery through his magnum opus entitled Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif which is a masterpiece that contains all branches of medical science. Al-Zahrawi’s excellence in recording the knowledge of surgery in detail and extensively in this book has made his name famous in the world of surgery to the point of being called the Father of Modern Surgery. Of the 30 chapters contained in Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif, the 30th chapter discussed about surgery while most of the information in this book discussed about pharmacy and pharmacology. However, there is not much writing about al-Zahrawi’s contribution related to pharmacology, especially in Malay. The objective of this study is to review al-Zahrawi’s contributio in pharmacology in Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif. This qualitative study is conducted through bibliographic methods and historical analysis. The results of the analysis found that al-Zahrawi contained most of the medical knowledge in this book related to pharmacological information. The field of pharmacology discussed by al-Zahrawi includes pharmaceutical drug preparation techniques, pharmaceutical preparation forms, pharmaceutical equipment, preparation operations, drug forms and material used in the drug preparation process. This study also examines his distributionto writing in this field covering pharmacological information pioneered by him himself as claimed by historians.

 

Keyword: al-Zahrawi, Andalus, pharmacology, pharmacy, Kitab al-Tasrif li Man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif.


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