MUHAMMAD JAMIL BAYYUHUM AS A MUSLIM HISTORIAN: AN EARLY STUDY ABOUT THREE SELECTED BOOKS [MUHAMMAD JAMIL BAYYUHUM SEBAGAI SEJARAWAN ISLAM: KAJIAN AWAL TERHADAP TIGA KARYA TERPILIH]

Abstract

Abstrak

Kajian ini berusaha untuk menghasilkan satu biografi awal seorang sejarawan dan nasionalis Arab yang bernama Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum (1887-1978). Kajian ini dijalankan berasaskan kepada kenyataan yang telah dikeluarkan oleh Zuhayr Mardini (1979) yang mengatakan bahawa walaupun pelbagai jasa dan sumbangan yang telah ditaburkan oleh Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum ketika hidupnya, beliau tidak begitu dikenali dan disebutkan secara meluas dalam kajian-kajian sejarah terkini. Puncanya adalah disebabkan oleh ketika majlis pengiktirafan yang sepatutnya diadakan pada tahun 1973 bagi mengiktiraf beliau sebagai seorang tokoh kebangsaan Lubnan, negara tersebut telah terlibat dengan kancah peperangan yang berlarutan sehingga beliau meninggal dunia pada tahun 1978. Selepas itu, barulah ada usaha yang diambil oleh rakan-rakan sepejuangannya untuk mengenang kembali sumbangan dan jasa tokoh ini sebagaimana yang dimuatkan menerusi artikel-artikel dalam majalah al-‘Irfan terbitan Januari dan Februari tahun 1979, setahun selepas pemergiannya. Begitu juga menerusi kenyataan daripada Widad Sakakini (1913-1991), seorang penulis terkenal Lubnan telah menggelar Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum sebagai al-Mufakkir al-Kabir yang bermaksud ‘Tokoh Pemikir Besar.’ Justeru, kajian ini berteraskan kepada dua objektif utama iaitu untuk membentuk satu naratif biografi berkenaan Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum dan untuk menganalisis sumbangan beliau dalam bidang sejarah berdasarkan kepada tiga buah karya penulisan terpilih yang beliau hasilkan. Ketiga-tiga karya tersebut ialah Falsafat al-Tarikh al-‘Uthmani, Awwaliyyat Salatin Turkiyya dan Falsafah Tarikh Muhammad. Bagi menjalankan kajian ini, pengkaji menggunakan pendekatan kronologi sejarah dan analisis kandungan bagi mendapatkan fakta-fakta dan maklumat-maklumat yang diperlukan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa sememangnya Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum merupakan seorang tokoh sejawaran Muslim yang hebat berasal dari Lubnan berdasarkan kepada warisan karya yang telah ditinggalkan berkenaan sejarah Islam. Namun, disebabkan masih tiada lagi kajian tentang beliau, namanya tidak segah tokoh-tokoh sejarawan lain yang dikaji hari ini.

Kata kunci: Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum, sejarawan, Lubnan, abad ke-20

Abstract

This writing focuses on the making of an early biography of a historian and Arab nationalist, Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum (1887-1978). This research had been done based on a statement mentioned by Zuhayr Mardini (1979) that mentioned despite all the efforts are done by Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum during his lifetime, however, he was not been recognize or mentioned widely in history as the ceremony that will make his name shine in 1973 was postponed when Lebanon was involved in a war crisis that year. Since that time, the political situation in Lebanon was not stable and the ceremony remain cannot be organized until he died in 1978. However, after his death, there was an initiative taken by his friends to commemorate his contribution towards nation as published in a magazine al-‘Irfan for January and February issues for year 1979 which was a year after his death. Also, Widad Sakakini's (1979) called him as al-Mufakkir al-Kabir (the Great Thinker) to show how Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum was a prominent person during his lifetime. Thus, this paper had been done to achieve two main objectives which are to construct a biographical narrative about Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum and to analyse his contributions in the field of history based on his three selected books which are Falsafat al-Tarikh al-‘Uthmani, Awwaliyyat Salatin Turkiyya dan Falsafat Tarikh Muhammad. In order to carry out this research, the researcher used the historical chronological approach and content analysis to figure out all the facts related to the subject. So, this paper will begin with the biography of Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum and followed by his contribution in the field of history. The results showed that actually Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum was a prominent and great Muslim historian with all his books focused on the history of Islam. However, as there is still no study about him, his name as a historian did not been recognised like the other historians who had been studied today.

Keyword: Muhammad Jamil Bayyuhum, historian, Lebanon, 20thcentury