The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: The Case of Selected Arab Countries

Atif Awad, Noreha Halid, Ishak Yussof

Abstract


Abstract

The overall objective of this article is to investigate the impact of human capital on the economic growth of selected Arab countries, including Sudan, during the period of 1990 to 2010. The study makes use of panel data, and estimates an aggregate production function using a fixed effects model. The basic macroeconomic variables of concern derived from the literature review include the real gross domestic product, capital stock, the labor force, and gross enrolment in primary, secondary and tertiary education levels. The results reveal that human capital development – secondary and tertiary education levels – has a significant impact on the economic growth of Arab countries.

Keywords: Education, Human capital, Economic growth.

Abstrak


Objektif umum makalah ini ialah untuk mengkaji impak modal insan ke atas pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam kalangan negara Arab terpilih, termasuk Sudan dalam tempoh tahun antara 1990 hingga 2010. Kajian ini menggunakan data panel, dan penganggaran dibuat melalui fungsi pengeluaran agregat menggunakan model fixed effects. Pemboleh ubah asas makroekonomi yang menjadi tumpuan kajian diperolehi daripada kajian lepas, iaitu keluaran dalam Negara kasar benar, stok modal, buruh, enrolmen kasar pendidikan peringkat rendah, menengah dan tertiari. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pembangunan modal insan iaitu melalui pendidikan peringkat menengah dan tetiari – mempunyai kesan yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam kalangan negara Arab.

Kata kunci: pendidikan, modal insan, pertumbuhan ekonomi


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