IMAM DAWOOD AL ZAHIRI AND THE ORIGINS OF HIS MADHHAB [الإمام داود الظاهري وأصول مذهبه]
Abstract
It may be hidden from some researchers and scholars regarding the apparent doctrine, who founded it and the reason for that, and what is the purpose of its appearance, so this research seeks to clarify this matter, and to clarify it accurately, and this research aims to reveal the personality of the founder of this doctrine, and the era in which he lived and the scientific environment in which he grew up, and its impact on the formation of his thought and his jurisprudential mentality, and then he highlights the origins of his doctrine, with an explanation of what is unique to him from the doctrines of the Sunnis, especially the four known schools, and who was behind its spread, and what is meant by its emergence, and a statement of the origins of this doctrine, and all what is related to it, and the research will follow the descriptive analytical method, and from the results of the research is that the apparent contradicted the majority of jurists in the authority of analogy, and in the possibility of consensus, and they disagreed with those who say approval, sent interests, blocking pretexts, custom, and legitimized by us.
Keywords: Dawud, Zahirism, doctrine, origins, hadith
قد يخفى على بعض الباحثين والدارسين فيما يتعلق بالمذهب الظاهري، فيمن أسسه والسبب في ذلك، وما الغرض من ظهوره، لذلك يسعى هذا البحث لتجلية هذا الأمر، وتوضيحه توضيحا دقيقا، كما يهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن شخصية مؤسس هذا المذهب، والعصر الذي عاش فيه، والبيئة العلمية التي نشأ فيها، وأثرها على تشكيل فكره وعقليته الفقهية، ومن ثم يبرز أصول مذهبه، مع بيان ما تفرد به عن مذاهب أهل السنة وخصوصا المذاهب الأربعة المعروفة، ومن كان وراء انتشاره، وما المقصود من ظهوره، وبيان أصول هذا المذهب، وكل ما يتعلق به من أمور، وسيتبع البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ومن نتائج البحث أن الظاهرية خالفوا جمهور الفقهاء في حجية القياس، وفي إمكانية انعقاد الإجماع، وخالفوا القائلين بالاستحسان، والمصالح المرسلة، وسد الذرائع، والعرف، وشرع من قبلنا.
كلمات مفتاحية: داود، الظاهرية، مذهب، أصول، الحديث
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