Penerimaan dan Penolakan Masyarakat Bukan Islam di Malaysia terhadap Hukum Jenayah Islam: Perbincangan dari Sudut Budaya Malaysia (Acceptance and Refusal of the Non-Muslim Society in Malaysia towards the Islamic Criminal Law: A Discussion from the Perspective of Malaysian Culture)

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Undang-Undang Islam sebenarnya sudah lama berakar umbi di Malaysia sejak kedatangan Islam di kepulauan Melayu. Hal ini boleh dilihat dengan kodifikasi perundangan di Kerajaan Kesultanan Melaka yang menggubal Hukum Kanun Melaka dan Undang-Undang Laut Melaka yang berteraskan syariah dan adat. Perkara ini juga diikuti oleh kerajaan kesultanan yang lain seperti Pahang, Johor dan Terengganu. Malah, semasa kedatangan penjajah British, undang-undang Islam diiktiraf sebagai undang-undang di tanah ini. Namun, setelah sekian lama penjajahan oleh dunia Barat, perundangan di negara kita sudah berubah. Malah, selepas kemerdekaan negara kita, perundangan Islam tidak dapat dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh. Terdapat beberapa pihak yang tidak bersetuju dengan pelaksanaan perundangan Islam, terutamanya hukum jenayah Islam di Malaysia kerana sebab-sebab yang tertentu. Artikel ini membincangkan hukum jenayah Islam dari sudut budaya Malaysia. Selain itu, artikel ini juga akan menganalisis penerimaan dan penolakan masyarakat bukan Muslim di Malaysia terhadap hukum jenayah Islam serta menghuraikan cadangan penambahbaikan terhadap hukum jenayah Islam di Malaysia. Pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif digunakan bagi melaksanakan kajian ini seperti kajian kepustakaan dan soal selidik kepada responden-responden. Dapatan daripada soal selidik yang dilakukan menampakkan keputusan yang pelbagai, ada yang bersetuju dan ada yang tidak bersetuju. Secara umumnya, penulis berpendapat bahawa memberi penerangan yang lebih menyeluruh dan tidak apologetik akan dapat membantu pemahaman mereka berkenaan dengan hukum jenayah Islam, serta dilakukan dengan berhikmah dan berhemah.
Kata kunci: Hukum Jenayah Islam; Masyarakat Bukan Islam; Budaya Malaysia; Islam dan undang-undang; sejarah Malaysia.
ABSTRACT
The Islamic Law in Malaysia has been here for a long time since the arrival of Islam to the Malay Archipelago. It has been proved by the codification of mixed Islamic and Adat (Custom) Law when the reign of the Malacca Sultanate, in which promulgated the Malacca Code Law (Hukum Kanun Melaka) and Malacca Maritime Law (Undang-Undang Laut
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Melaka). Since then, it had been followed and emulated by another Sultanate like Pahang, Johor, and Terengganu. In addition, it also recognised by the British coloniser, stating the Islamic law as the law of the land. However, this condition had changed after a long period of colonisation by the Western Imperialist, the laws had changed drastically. Even after the independence of this country, Islamic Law cannot be fully implemented, and there are some parties are not agreeing to the implementation of Islamic Law, specifically the Islamic Criminal Law which caused by various factors. This research will discuss the Islamic Criminal Law from the view of Malaysian Culture. It also touches on analysing the acceptance and refusal of the non-Muslim community in Malaysia towards Islamic Criminal Law and expounding some suggestions in improving Islamic Criminal Law in Malaysia. This research will use qualitative and quantitative approach in researching this topic, such as literature studies and surveys to respondents. Our findings show mixed reaction from the non-Muslim society towards the Islamic criminal law, whereby some of them agree with parts of the law, and some of them disagree to the same. The writers would like to propose some suggestions that would benefit the discourse on such matter, which is the dissemination of information about Islamic criminal law, which is whole and unapologetic, done with wisdom and prudent.
Keywords: Islamic Criminal Law; Non-Muslim Society; Malaysian Culture; Islam and laws; Malaysian history.