Keganasan Siber: Suatu Pengenalan

Mohamad Azlan Basri, Nazura Abdul Manap

Abstract


Abstrak
Keganasan siber merupakan suatu kesalahan yang membawa keganasan konvensional kepada suatu tahap baharu apabila ia mengaplikasikan penggunaan siber dan teknologi dalam perancangan, persediaan dan perlaksanaan sesuatu serangan. Keganasan siber dilihat sebagai suatu titik pertembungan diantara jenayah keganasan dan jenayah siber. Keadaan ini menyebabkan wujud kekeliruan tentang apakah yang dimaksudkan sebagai ‘keganasan siber’ dan apakah perbezaan diantara ‘keganasan siber’ dan ‘jenayah siber.’ Disebabkan kekeliruan tersebut, maka, penulisan ini bermatlamat untuk mengkaji dan menilai istilah ‘keganasan siber’ secara lebih mendalam selain mengenalpasti elemen-elemen yang mendasari kesalahan ini. Penulisan ini juga membincangkan berkenaan modus operandi disebalik sesuatu serangan keganasan siber. Penulisan ini juga mengetengahkan contoh-contoh kejadian melibatkan keganasan siber bagi memudahkan kefahaman pembaca berkenaan ‘keganasan siber’ itu sendiri.
Kata kunci: Keganasan siber; pengganas; serangan siber; elemen keganasan siber


References


RUJUKAN

Anita Abdul Rahim & Nazura Abdul Manap. 2004. Jenayah Berkaitan Dengan Komputer: Perspektif Undang-undang Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Anon. Keganasan Siber Perlukan Definisi Serta Undang-undang Yang Sesuai . Bernama. (26 Februari 2009) http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v3/bm/news_lite.php?id =392740 (20 September 2014)

Anon. Memahami Makna Keganasan. Utusan Online. (2 April 2002) http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2002&dt=0402&pub=Utusan_Mal aysia&sec=Rencana&pg=re_01.html (20 September 2014)

Dorothy E. Denning. 2007. Cyberterrorism- Testimony Before The Special Oversight Panel On Terrorism Committee on Armed Services U.S. House of Representative. Dlm Edward v. Linden (pnyt.). Focus On Terrorism, hlm. 71-76. New York: Nova Publishers

James A. Lewis. Assesing The Risk of Cyber Terrorism, Cyber War and other Cyber Threats. Center For Strategic & International Studies. (Disember 2002) http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/021101_risks_of_cyberterror.pdf (20 Oktober 2014)

Larisa Paul. When Cyber Hacktivism Meets Cyberterrorism. (19 Februari 2001) http://www.lib.iup.edu/comscisec/SANSpapers/paul.html (2 November 2014)

Massoud Ansari. Daniel Pearl ‘refused to be sedated before his throat was cut’. The Telegraph, 9 Mei 2004, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/ pakistan/1461368/DanielPearl-refused-to-be-sedated-before-his-throat-was- cut.html (15 November 2014)

Maura Conway. Reality Bytes: Cyberterrorism and the Terrorist ‘Use’ of the Internet. First Monday. http-//www.firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1001/92 (15 Oktober 2014)

Paul Everard . 2008 . NATO and Cyber Terrorism. Dlm.Centre of Excellence Defence Against Terrorism (pnyt.). Responses to Cyber Terrorism : 118-126.Netherlands: IOS Press

Peter Grabosky & Michael Stohl . 2010 . Crime and Terrorism. London: SAGE Publication

Philip W. Brunst . 2008 . Use of the Internet by Terrorist. Dlm.Centre of Excellence Defence Against Terrorism (pnyt.). Responses to Cyber Terrorism : 34-60. Netherlands: IOS Press

Robert Moore. 2011 . Cybercrime: Investigating High-Technology Computer Crime. Edisi ke-2. Amerika Syarikat: Anderson Publishing

Scott Berinato. Cybersecurity- The Truth About Cyberterrorism. (15 Mac 2002) http- //www.cio.com/article/2440933/security0/cybersecurity---the-truth-about- cyberterrorism.html (21 Oktober 2014)

Ulrich Sieber & Philip W. Brunst . 2007. Cyberterrorism- the use of the Internet for terrorist purposes. Strasbourg Cedex: Council Of Europe Publishing

United Nations. 1995. Measure To Eliminate International Terrorism. General Assembly Resolution 49/60. UN Document A/Res/49/60. New York: United Nations.

United Nations. 1999. International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism. General Assembly Resolution 54/109. New York: United Nations.

William L. Tafoya. Cyber Terror. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. (November 2011) http://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/law-enforcementbulletin november- 2011/cyber-terror (15 Oktober 2014)

Yassin Musharbash. Al-Qaida Launches A Weekly News Show. Spiegel Online. (10 Oktober 2005) http://www.m.spiegel.de/international/a-378633.html#sp RedirectedFrom=www&referrer=https://www.google.com.my (20 November 2014)

Yassin Musharbash. Al-Qaida’s Online University Jihad 101 for Would-Be Terrorist. Spiegel Online. (17 Ogos 2006) http://www.m.spiegel.de/international/a- 432133.html#spRedirectFrom=&referrer=https://www.google.com.my (20 November 2014)


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

 

 

e-ISSN : 2550-1704