Peranan Penasihat Robo dalam Sistem Kewangan Islam

Ruzian Markom, Nur Ailaa Borhan, Mohd Izzat Amsyar Mohd Ariff

Abstract


Sistem kewangan Islam mengalami pertumbuhan pesat seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi digital. Salah satu inovasi terkini ialah Penasihat Robo, yang merupakan perkhidmatan kewangan automatik yang menyediakan pengurusan kewangan yang mudah, kos efektif, dan lestari. Penasihat Robo patuh Syariah mengintegrasikan pengurusan data dengan elemen kelestarian alam sekitar, sosial, dan tadbir urus (ESG). Persoalan utama yang diketengahkan dalam kajian ini ialah bagaimana operasi Penasihat Robo dipantau dan diurus dari perspektif undang-undang dan Syariah. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan peranan Penasihat Robo dalam sistem kewangan Islam, meneliti kerangka perundangan serta institusi yang mengawal selia aktiviti Penasihat Robo, dan menganalisis prinsip undang-undang serta Syariah yang berkaitan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal, dengan data diperoleh daripada kajian perpustakaan dan sumber dalam talian. Analisis kandungan dijalankan terhadap sumber primer dan sekunder seperti statut, kes, artikel, jurnal, dan garis panduan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti Penasihat Robo dikawal selia oleh Bank Negara Malaysia dan Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia, serta mematuhi prinsip Maqasid Syariah. Namun, terdapat cabaran dari segi pengawalseliaan undang-undang dan pematuhan Syariah yang memerlukan mekanisme pengukuhan dwiperingkat, iaitu penambahbaikan rangka kerja perundangan dan pengukuhan tadbir urus Syariah. Artikel ini menyumbang kepada pengembangan ilmu perundangan dan kewangan Islam, serta memberi implikasi positif kepada masyarakat dalam memperjelas kepentingan kerangka perundangan dan pengawalseliaan yang beretika, lestari, dan bertanggungjawab terhadap alam sekitar, sosial, dan tadbir urus dalam konteks Penasihat Robo.


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