Falsafah Fatalisme dan Takdir Qur’ānī Menurut Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-Ghazālī (W. 505 H)
Abstract
Conversations regarding fate are not a recent development, they have been deliberated upon since the era of Prophet Muhammad PBUH. However, the philosophy of fate in today's world has been mixed with the secular and liberal-shaped values and ideas that are the challenge of thought born of Western civilization. The understanding of the concept of destiny has been influenced by various ideologies of thought and culture, especially from Western philosophy. One of them is the philosophy of fatalism which talks about the fate and destiny of the individual. The understanding of destiny for Muslims is crucial since it is a component related to the Islamic Creed (Aqidah) and part of the pillars of faith. Therefore, this article's objective is to identify the distinctions between the fatalism and destiny ideologies by Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī. This article uses a qualitative design by analyzing the content of al-Qur’ān thematically based on themes, as well as documents and writings of Western studies. However, the results of the study showed that the Qur'ān documents the debate surrounding the ideology of fatalism and that there are distinctions between fatalism's ideology and Islam's view of destiny. This article's implication is to present a thorough comprehension of both philosophies to prevent misconceptions.
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