Tadbir Urus Pengetahuan: Sudut Pandang dari Brunei Darussalam dan Malaysia

Hans-Dieter Evers, Farah Purwaningrum, Syamimi Arif Lim, Anthony Banyouko Ndah

Abstract


(The Governance of Knowledge: Perspectives from Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia)

This paper aims to explore the different perspectives and strategies evidenced in the evolving knowledge clusters in Malaysia and in Brunei Darussalam. It is based on empirical research carried out in Malaysia during 2009-2010, and in Brunei Darussalam during 2013 and pays particular attention to the spatial distribution of manpower in Penang and in Cyberjaya and the scientific networks of Universiti Sains Malaysia. Learning from the experience of the development of the Northern Corridor and Multi Media Corridor in Malaysia, our analysis shows differing trends in the construction of knowledge clusters in Peninsular Malaysia. The Cyberjaya knowledge cluster reveals the dominant role of the state and elite in its development. The Penang knowledge cluster however shows a historical trajectory and the intervention of diverse companies, alongside the involvement of state government. The Brunei-Muara district knowledge cluster in Brunei Darussalam is different again with its growing corporeal clustering of organizations including private companies and government agencies, yet has a distinct lack of knowledge sharing. This study is thus based on the empirical data and case studies of three significant knowledge clusters in Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam but also deals with wider macro issues relevant to both countries. By focusing on knowledge governance strategies in Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia, this paper answers a question central to this paper: how can a country avoid the ‘knowledge trap’? We intend to contribute to the growing literature on the study of knowledge clusters and knowledge governance by presenting new theories and original comparative data based on field research.

Keywords: Knowledge governance; knowledge clusters; Malaysia; Brunei Darussalam; Asia Tenggara

Abstrak

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk meneroka pelbagai perspektif pembelajaran dari strategi pembangunan kelompok pengetahuan di Malaysia dan di Brunei Darussalam. Ianya berdasarkan penyelidikan empirikal yang dijalankan di Malaysia pada tahun 2009 sehingga 2010 dan di Brunei Darussalam pada tahun 2013. Pemerhatian secara khusus telah dibuat terhadap sebahagian tenaga manusia di Pulau Pinang, Cyberjaya dan serangkaian universiti sains antaranya Universiti Sains Malaysia. Berdasarkan dari pengalaman di Koridor Utara dan Koridor Multi Media di Malaysia, kajian ini menunjukkan terdapatnya trend kelompok pengetahuan yang berbeza di Semenanjung Malaysia. Kelompok pengetahuan di Cyberjaya menunjukkan terdapatnya penguasa negara dan golongan elit dalam pembangunan kelompok tersebut. Kelompok pengetahuan di Pulau Pinang menunjukkan terdapatnya penglibatan kerajaan negeri, trajektori sejarah dan kepelbagaian syarikat-syarikat. Kelompok pengetahuan daerah Brunei-Muara di Brunei Darussalam pula mengetengahkan hakikat bahawa terdapat peningkatan pengelompokan fizikal organisasi seperti syarikat swasta dan agensi kerajaan akan tetapi perkongsian ilmu masih tidak mencukupi. Kajian ini akan menangani isu-isu makro akan tetapi data empirikal hanya terhad kepada tiga kes ketara kelompok pengetahuan di Malaysia dan di Brunei Darussalam. Dengan memberi tumpuan kepada strategi pengelolaan pengetahuan di Brunei Darussalam dan Malaysia, kami telah menjawab persoalan utama kajian ini iaitu: bagaimanakah sesebuah negara itu boleh mengelak dari ‘perangkap pengetahuan’? Kami berhasrat untuk menyumbang kepada kesusasteraan mengenai kajian terhadap kelompok pengetahuan dan pengelolaan pengetahuan dengan mengemukakan teori-teori baru dan data perbandingan asli berdasarkan bidang penyelidikan.

Kata kunci: Tadbir urus pengetahuan; kelompok pengetahuan; Malaysia; Brunei Darussalam; Asia Tenggara

 

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/akad-2014-8401n2-03


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