Perubahan Corak Ruangan Segregasi Kaum di Pulau Pinang: 1980-1991

Abstract

This article attempts to look into the changes in the spatial pattern of racial segregation in Penang from 1980 to 1991. Racial segregation is measured using Entropy Index. Several scenarios related to the segregation phenomena is highlighted such as the pattern ofsegregation that existed between the two time periods, change as well as the pattern of change that have occurred and thefactors that might have contributed to these changes. Geographical information system (GIS was used to assist in understanding the spatial variation of racial segregation. Result of the study indicates that in general the segrega- tion level in Penang is relatively low. However: segregation has slightly increased from 1980 to 1991. The study has also found out that there was spatial variation in the distribution of segregation at the mukim level for both time periods.

Keyword: Racial segregation, geographical information system, entrophy index, spatial pattern, development

ABSTRAK

Artikel in; cuba meninjau perubahan corak ruangan segregasi kaum di Pulau Pinang bagi tempoh 1980 dan 1991. Segregasi kaum diukur menggunakan Indeks Entropi. Beberapa senario yang berkaitan dengan fenomena segregasi diketengahkan antaranya corak segregasi yang wujud bagi; kedua-dua tempoh ini, perubahan serta corak perubahan yang berlaku serta faktor-faktor yang mungkin telah menyumbang kepada perubahan indeks segregasi serta fenomena ini. Sistem maklumat Geografi (GIS) digunakan dalam membantu memahami variasi ruangan segregasi kaum. Hasil kajian mendapati secara keseluruhan segregasi kaum di negeri Pulau Pinang agak rendah. Bagaimanapun terdapat sedikit peningkatan segregasi dari tahun 1980 ke tahun 1991. Analisis jnga mendapati wujud variasi ruangan dari segi taburan segregasi di peringkat mukim di kedua-dua tahun tersebut.

Kata kunci: Segregasi kaum, sistem maklumat geografi, indeks entropi, corak ruangan, pembangunan