Hubungan Kualiti Kehidupan Bekerja dengan Kecenderungan Pusing Ganti Pekerja: Kajian ke Atas Operator Pengeluaran di Kilang Celestica, Johor Bahru (Relationship of Work Life with Tendency for Turnover: A Study Among Celestica Factory Workers, Johor Bahru)

SITI FARDANIAH ABDUL AZIZ (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, daniah@ukm.my)

Abstract


This research note discusses the relationship of quality of work life (QWL) and its relationship with the tendencyfor turnover among workers. The discussion is based on a study conducted at Celestica factory, Johor Bahru. A total of 86 respondents were randomly selected from a population of 110 production's operators throughout the OCI Creative Unit. Respondents were asked to complete a set of questionnaires that were constructed based on eight dimensions ofOWL as suggested by Walton (1973) as well as on aspects of turnover. The data collected was processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented in theform of percentages, frequencies, Spearmen (rj correlation test and multi regression analysis with significance test. The findings indicate that the level of OWL is good and the level ofworkers' turnover as perceived by the workers was found to be moderate. Overall, OWL is found to have an inverse relationship with workers' tendencyfor turnover (rs = -0.246) and significant at a = 0.05. OWL is also a predictor that contribute 35.9 percent variance to workers' turnover. The results also show that all dimensions of OWL, that is adequate and fair compensation; safe and healthy working conditions; opportunity to use and develop human capacity; opportunity for future career growth andjob security; social integration in the work organisation; workers' rights; effect of job demand on personal lives; and social relevance ofwork life, are found to have inverse relationships with workers' turnover. This show that the better the OWL, the intention for workers' turnover will be lessened.

Keywords: Correlation study, quality of work life, tendency for turnover, factory's production operator

ABSTRAK

Nota penyelidikan ini bertujuan membincang tentang Kualiti Kehidupan Bekerja (KKB) dan hubungannya dengan Kecenderungan Pusing Ganti Pekerja (KPP) berdasarkan satu kajian yang dijalankan di kilang Celestica, Johor Bahru. Seramai 86 orang responden telah dipilih daripada 110 orang operator pengeluaran di unit pengeluaran pembesar suara dan kad bunyi (unit pengeluaran OCI Creative) melalui kaedah persampelan rawak mudah. Borang soal-selidik yang diedarkan kepada responden dibina berdasarkan lapan dimensi KKB yang dicadangkan oleh Walton (1973) dan kecenderungan pusing ganti pekerja. Data yang terkumpul diproses menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) dengan menggunakan peratusan, kekerapan, ujian korelasi Spearmen (rj dan kaedah regresi berganda dengan ujian signifikan. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa secara keseluruhan tahap KKB adalah baikmanakala tahap KPP adalah sederhana. Secara keseluruhan juga, KKB mempunyai hubungan songsang (rs = -0.246) dengan KPP dan signifikan pada aras a = 0.05. Selain itu, KKB merupakan salah satu peramal yang menyumbangkan 35.9 peratus varian kepada KPP. Hasil kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa kesemua dimensi KKB iaitu pampasan yang mencukupi dan adil; keadaan kerja yang selamat dan sihat; peluang untuk mengguna dan membangunkan keupayaan manusia; peluang kemajuan kerjaya untuk masa hadapan dan sekuriti kerja; integrasi sosial dalam organisasi pekerjaan; hak pekerja; kesan pekerjaan terhadap kehidupan individu; serta kehidupan bekerja berkait dengan kepentingan sosial; mempunyai hubungan songsang dengan kecenderungan pusing ganti pekerja. Ini menunjukkan bahawa semakin baik tahap kualiti kehidupan bekerja (KKB), maka semakin rendah kecenderungan seseorang untuk berhenti atau menukar pekerjaannya (KPP).

Kata kunci: Kajian hubungan, kualiti kehidupan bekerja, kecenderungan pusing ganti, operator pengeluaran kilang


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