Susunan Tempat Tinggal dan Kepuasan Hidup Warga Emas: Satu Kajian Kes di Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia (Living Arrangements and Life Satisfaction of Older Persons: A Case Study in Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)
Abstract
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau hubungan di antara susunan tempat tinggal dengan kepuasan hidup warga emas. Data dianalisis menggunakan penyelidikan kuantitatif bertajuk Susunan Tempat Tinggal: Implikasi Kepada Kesejahteraan Warga Emas, di bawah pembiayaan Universiti Putra Malaysia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa 124 orang warga emas telah berjaya ditemubual. Jenis susunan tempat tinggal warga emas paling ramai di Seri Kembangan adalah tinggal bersama tiga generasi (51.6%), diikuti oleh tinggal bersama dua generasi (32.3%) dan tinggal dalam satu generasi (6.1%). Peratus warga emas wanita yang tinggal bersama tiga generasi adalah lebih tinggi berbanding lelaki. Sebaliknya peratus warga emas lelaki yang tinggal bersama dua generasi lebih tinggi daripada wanita. Kebanyakan warga emas di sini memperoleh skor kepuasan hidup yang tinggi. Ujian ANOVA menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan di antara susunan tempat tinggal dengan kepuasan hidup warga emas (F=4.055, p=0.02*). Warga emas yang tinggal bersama anak mempunyai tahap kepuasan hidup yang lebih tinggi berbanding jenis susunan tempat tinggal yang lain. Walau bagaimanapun, Ujian Regresi menunjukkan bahawa susunan tempat tinggal tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepuasan hidup warga emas tetapi disumbangkan oleh faktor kesihatan, tahap pendidikan, bilangan anak dan sokongan sosial (R2=0.223, p=0.000**). Justeru untuk meningkatkan kepuasan hidup warga emas akan datang, maka usaha ke arah meningatkan perkhidmatan kesihatan yang lebih baik, pendidikan yang lebih tinggi, galakkan pasangan untuk memiliki anak yang ramai serta sokongan sosial kepada warga emas perlu diberi perhatian sewajarnya.
Kata kunci: susunan tempat tinggal; kepuasan hidup; warga emas; hubungan; kesejahteraan
Abstract
This study aim to explore the relationship between living arrangements and life satisfaction of older persons. Data was analyzed using quantitative research titled Living Arrangements: Implications for Elderly Well-being, under the funding of Universiti Putra Malaysia. The results showed that 124 older persons were successfully interviewed. The most popular types of living arrangements in Seri Kembangan was older persons living with three generations (51.6%), followed by living with two generations (32.3%) and lived in one generation (6.1%). The percentage of women older persons living with three generations is higher compared to men. On the other hand, the percentage of older men who live with two generations is higher than women. Most of older persons here have a high satisfaction score. ANOVA test show a significant difference between living arrangements and life satisfaction (F=4.055, p=0.02*). Older persons who live with children have higher level of life satisfaction compared to other types of living arrangements. However, the Regression Test show that living arrangements have no significant relationship with life satisfaction of older persons but are contributed by health factors, education level, number of children and social support (R2=0.223, p=0.000**). Hence, to increase the future older person’s life satisfaction, therefore efforts to increase better health services, higher education, promote couple to have more children and social support to older persons should be taken into account accordingly.
Keywords: living arrangements; life sastisfaction; older person; relationship; well-being
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