Sikap Belia dalam Industri Sawit di Malaysia: Satu Kajian Keperluan (Youths’ Attitude in Palm Oil Industry in Malaysia: A Needs Analysis)

Marlyna Maros, Azianura Hani Shaari, Er Ah Choy

Abstract


Industri kelapa sawit merupakan penyumbang utama kepada ekonomi Malaysia dan memerlukan tenaga buruh yang mantap. Wagaimanapun, perkembangan dewasa ini telah menyaksikan penggunaan buruh-buruh dari luar Malaysia dan sangat kurang gunatenaga tempatan. Bagi mengatasi masalah pengangguran dan kekurangan pekerjaan, kerajaan perlu melihat bagaimana penduduk tempatan boleh menyumbang kepada pengeluaran dan kelestarian industri ini dan tidak hanya bergantung kepada buruh asing. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan belia kepada industri kelapa sawit di Malaysia serta memberi galakan kepada mereka untuk menyertai latihan tenaga mahir dalam industri ini. Persepsi bahawa golongan belia di Malaysia tidak berminat untuk menyertai bidang kerja kelapa sawit memerlukan kajian terperinci untuk memastikan sikap dan pengetahuan sebenar mereka terhadap industri ini. Permasalahan ini menjadi asas kepada objektif kajian ini untuk mengenalpasti sikap belia Malaysia dalam menyertai industri kelapa sawit. Satu set soal selidik telah dibina berpandukan kerangka Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Amalan (Knowledge, Sikap, and Practice) dan Teori Analisis Keperluan. Responden kajian terdiri daripada golongan belia di peringkat sekolah menengah yang akan mengikuti pengajian tertiari tidak lama lagi. Bagi mendapatkan gambaran tentang sikap belia berdasarkan pendedahan mereka terhadap industri ini, angkubah kawasan dijadikan asas pembandingan. Dua kawasan yang dipilih adalah kawasan bandar dan luar bandar yang diwakilit oleh empat buah sekolah. Dapatan kajian menunjukan bahawa pelajar dari luar bandar mempunyai sikap yang lebih positif terhadap industri kelapa sawit berbanding dengan pelajar dari kawasan bandar. Dapatan kajian dapat membantu pihak MPOB merancang strategi untuk meningkatkan penglibatan pekerja tempatan dalam industri ini.

 

Kata kunci: industri sawit; sikap belia; KAP; kajian keperluan; MPOB

 

Abstract

 

The oil palm industry has been one of the main contributors to the Malaysian economy and needs skilled laborers to sustain it. However, majority of workers in our country palm plantation are foreign workers. It is timely that the government looks into how the local manpower can be increased to contribute to the production and sustainability of the industry.One of the ways of addressing this issue would be to increase the youths’ knowledge on palm oil industry in Malaysia and empower train them to be skilled workers in this industry. The perception that Malaysian youths are not interested in palm-oil based jobs requires substantiation from empirical evidence on their attitude and knowledge on this industry. This problem sets the objective for this research that is, to identify Malaysian youths attitude towards participating in the industry. A set of questionnaire was designed based on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice’ model (KAP) and Need Analysis theory.Respondents were youths from high school at the age where they were soon to join the tertiary education. To compare the youths’ attitude based on their exposure to this industry, the schools were chosen based on the rural and urban divide where the rural schools were in close proximity to the palm oil plantation and the urban schools were far from it. Two schools represented each region, making it a total of 4 schools. The findings show that youths from rural schools exhibit more positive attitude toward the industry compared to youths from the urban schools. The findings would help the Malaysian government through the Malaysian Palm Oil Board to strategize on increasing the involvement of the locals in this industry.

 

Keywords: Palm oil industry; youths’ attitude; KAP; needs analysis; MPOB


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