Utilising Authentic Production Data in A Psycholinguistic-Based Study on Code-Switching: A Conceptual Paper

Chong Yin Sheun, Khazriyati Salehuddin, Bahiyah Dato’ Haji Abdul Hamid

Abstract


Code-switching is especially common within the Southeast Asian region which is home to a large number of bilinguals and multilinguals. Over the years, code-switching has been studied extensively, both in and out of Asia, via sociolinguistics, structural linguistics, and psycholinguistics. From the psycholinguistic perspective, code-switching is said to be the result of the co-activation of languages during the process of speech production for bilinguals. Grosjean’s Language Mode and Green’s Control Process Model are two psycholinguistic frameworks focusing on the psycholinguistic as well as interactional factors behind code-switching. However, past studies in this area were mostly experimental in nature. It is necessary to consider authentic production data to develop a greater understanding of the code-switching phenomenon especially within the Southeast Asian context due to its bilingual and multilingual communities. This conceptual paper aims to demonstrate how the interactional and psycholinguistic factors behind code-switching can be examined using authentic production data. In particular, a review of the literature pointed to the Conversation Analysis (CA) approach to code-switching as well as the concepts of triggered code-switching and primed code-switching as being relevant. Accordingly, this paper describes each construct in detail and provides suggestions on how they can be brought together in a single study on code-switching based on authentic production data.

 

Keywords: authentic production; code-switching; conversation analysis; priming; triggering


Full Text:

PDF

References


Alvanoudi, A. (2019). Modern Greek in diaspora: An Australian perspective. Palgrave Macmillan.

Auer, P. (1995). The pragmatics of code-switching: A sequential approach. In L. Milroy & P. Muysken (Eds.), One speaker, two languages: Cross-disciplinary perspectives on code-switching (pp. 115–135). Cambridge University Press.

Beatty-Martínez, A., Navarro-Torres, C., & Dussias, P. (2020). Codeswitching: A bilingual toolkit for opportunistic speech planning. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01699

Blanco-Elorrieta, E., & Pylkkänen, L. (2018). Ecological validity in bilingualism research and the bilingual advantage. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(12), 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.001

Broersma, M., Carter, D., Donnelly, K., & Konopka, A. (2019). Triggered codeswitching: Lexical processing and conversational dynamics. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 23(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728919000014

Clyne, M. (2003). Dynamics of language contact: English and immigrant languages. Cambridge University Press.

Couto, C., Romeli, M., & Bellamy, K. (2021). Code-switching at the interface between language, culture, and cognition. Lapurdum: Basque Studies Review, 1–25. https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03280922

Fricke, M., & Kootstra, G. J. (2016). Primed codeswitching in spontaneous bilingual dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language, 91, 181–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2016.04.003

Green, D. (2018). Language control and code-switching. Languages, 3(8), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages3020008

Green, D., & Wei, L. (2014). A control process model of code-switching. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 29(4), 499–511. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2014.882515

Grosjean, F. (2013). Bilingualism: A short introduction. In The psycholinguistics of bilingualism (pp. 5–25). Wiley Blackwell.

Gross, M., López González, A., Girardin, M., & Almeida, A. (2022). Code-Switching by Spanish-English bilingual children in a code-switching conversation sample: Roles of language proficiency, interlocutor behavior, and parent-reported code-switching experience. Languages, 7, 1–34. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages

Han, X., Li, W., & Filippi, R. (2022). The effects of habitual code-switching in bilingual language production on cognitive control. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728922000244

Hamim, Z.H., Abdul Razak, R., & Abdul Hamid, B. (2021). The morphosyntactic abilities of bilingual Malay preschool children based on the Malay and English sentence repetition tasks. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 29(1), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.47836/PJSSH.29.1.04

Hutchby, I., & Wooffitt, R. (2021). Conversation analysis (2nd ed.). Polity.

Jong, N. de. (2013). Levelt’s model of speech production and comprehension. In P. Robinson (Ed.), The Routledge encyclopedia of second language acquisition (pp. 379–382). Routledge.

MacSwan, J. (2020). Sociolinguistic and linguistic foundations of codeswitching research. In J. MacSwan & C. Faltis (Eds.), Codeswitching in the classroom: Critical perspectives on teaching, learning, policy, and ideology. Routledge.

Mahmud, F.N. & Salehuddin, K. (2023). How Bilingual Are Malaysian Undergraduates? A Snapshot of the Different Bilingual Categories in Malaysia. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies, 23(2), 144-164. http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2023-2302-08

Mahootian, S. (2020). Bilingualism. Routledge.

Md Zolkapli, R.B., & Salehuddin, K. (2019). Lexical access patterns of second language speakers of English. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 19(4), 48–65. https://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2019-1904-03

Olson, D. (2015). The impact of code-switching, language context, and language dominance on suprasegmental phonetics: Evidence for the role of predictability. International Journal of Bilingualism, 20(4), 453–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006914566204

Prin, N. (2021). A case study of code-switching among Thai waiters in a Cambridge, UK restaurant. Manusya: Journal of Humanities, 24(1), 106–125. https://doi.org/10.1163/26659077-02401004

Rousan, R.A., & Merghmi, K. (2019). A conversational analysis of Arabic-French code switching in Algerian TV talk shows. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literature, 11(3), 247–271.

Salehuddin, K. (2018). Psikolinguistik: Penerokaan minda berlandaskan bahasa. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Shook, A., & Marian, V. (2019). Covert co-activation of bilinguals’ non-target language: Phonological competition from translations. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 9(2), 228–252. https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.17022.sho

Sulaiman, N.A., Salehuddin, K., & Khairuddin, R. (2020). Reading English academic texts: Evidence from ESL undergraduates’ eye movement data. 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature, 26(1), 60–78. https://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2020-2601-05

Tham, I., Chau, M. H., & Thang, S. M. (2019). Bilinguals’ processing of lexical cues in L1 and L2: An eye-tracking study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(7), 665–687. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1588329

Thomas, S. (2021). Code-Switching in spoken Indian English: A case study of sociopolitical talk. Journal of Contemporary Philology, 4(1), 7–40. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/articles-coal

Woon, C. P., Yap, N. T., & Lim, H. W. (2020). Performance in nonword repetition tasks among Mandarin-English bilingual children in Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 28(4), 3125–3143. https://doi.org/10.47836/PJSSH.28.4.35

Xu, M. L. (2021). Exploring the effect of syntactic alignment on Chinese-English bilinguals’ code-switched sentence production. International Journal of Translation, Interpretation and Applied Linguistics, 3(2), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJTIAL.20210701.oa3

Yu, Z., & Schwieter, J. (2018). Recognizing the effects of language mode on the cognitive advantages of bilingualism. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00366

Zantout, M. (2019). Investigating multilingual adolescents’ cognitive and codeswitching performance: An exploratory application of language control models [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. University of Oxford.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/3L-2023-2904-14

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

 

 

eISSN : 2550-2247

ISSN : 0128-5157