Exploring Translanguaging Praxes in Pakistani Multilingual ESL Classrooms of First-Year Students at University Level

Aqsa Atta, Swaleha Bano Naqvi

Abstract


Though the use of L-1 in multilingual ESL classrooms is abandoned; recent research suggests the significance of using a complete linguistic repertoire. The use of a complete linguistic repertoire implies the free use of all kinds of knowledge of languages. It is linked with translanguaging, which involves the use of two languages in a fluid way to organize mental processes in learning. Adopting the framework of translanguaging and theory of language mode this study has identified the specific ESL classroom situations where students used their complete linguistic and semiotic repertoire during English reading and writing, particularly and during general interaction in the classroom. Moreover, it also explores the motives behind the use of complete linguistic repertoire in identified situations. The data for this experimental study were collected through field notes of classroom observations, video recordings during the intervention, and interviews of teachers and students after the intervention. The findings show that students use their complete linguistic repertoire to negotiate meaning, develop metalinguistic awareness and communicate fearlessly and without anxiety in various situations like brainstorming, outlining, instructions, question statements, jokes, and normal interaction with a teacher and their pairs. The study concludes that by paying attention to the mentioned specific situations, teachers may opt for translanguaging pedagogy in their lesson plans to enhance the L-2 learning process.

 

Keywords: translanguaging; linguistic repertoire; functions; reading; writing


Full Text:

PDF

References


Adamson, J., & Coulson, D. (2015). Translanguaging in English academic writing preparation. International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning, 10(1), 24-37.

Al-Ahdal, A. A. M. H. (2020). Translanguagism and the bilingual EFL learner of Saudi Arabia: Exploring new vistas. Asian EFL Journal, 27(1), 14-26.

Alam, M. F., Amin, R. U., Ahmed, F., Shah, S. R., & Raffay, A. (2016). Translanguaging Practices in an Academic Setting: A Case Study of a Pakistani University Classroom, Sci. Int.(Lahore), 28(4), 767–775.

Alimi, K.F., Ayob, A.H., Abdullah, A.R., Sultan, F.M.M., Karuppannan, G. (2021). Effectiveness of English Language E-learning Among Tertiary Education Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic. 3L: Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 27(4), 56-71.

Antón, M., & DiCamilla, F. (1998). Socio-cognitive functions of L1 collaborative interaction in the L2 classroom. Canadian modern language review, 54(3), 314-342.

Ashraf, H. (2018). Translingual practices and monoglot policy aspirations: A case study of Pakistan’s plurilingual classrooms. Current Issues in Language Planning, 19(1), 1-21.

Atta, A. & Naqvi, S. B. (2021). Translanguaging as a Pedagogical Strategy to Improve English Reading and Writing Skills at University Level. Asian EFL Journal, 28(2.3), 181-218.

Bartlett, K. A. (2018, June). Applying translanguaging techniques in Japanese EFL settings. In Asian Conference on Language Learning 2018: Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 239-251). International Academic Forum.

Bin-Tahir, S. Z., Saidah, U., Mufidah, N., & Bugis, R. (2018). The impact of translanguaging approach on teaching Arabic reading in a multilingual classroom. Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning, 1(1), 22-29.

Brandl, K. (2008). Communicative language teaching in action. Cognella San Diego.

Brown, B. A., & Spang, E. (2008). Double talk: Synthesizing everyday and science language in the classroom. Science Education, 92(4), 708-732.

Busch, B. (2012). The linguistic repertoire revisited. Applied linguistics, 33(5), 503-523.

Canagarajah, S. (2012). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Routledge.

Canagarajah, S. (2013). Moving out of the monolingual comfort zone and into the multilingual world: An exercise for the writing classroom. In J. Hanson (Ed.), Literacy as Translingual Practice (pp. 215-222). Routledge.

Champlin, M. J. (2016). Translanguaging and bilingual learners: A study of how translanguaging promotes literacy skills in bilingual students [Master’s thesis, St. John Fisher College]. Fisher Digital Publications. https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/

Chen, F., Tsai, S. C., & Tsou, W. (2019). The application of translanguaging in English for specific purposes writing course. English Teaching & Learning, 43(1), 65-83.

Creese, A., & Blackledge, A. (2015). Translanguaging and identity in educational settings. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 20-35.

de Los Ríos, C. V., & Seltzer, K. (2017). Translanguaging, coloniality, and English classrooms: An exploration of two bicoastal urban classrooms. Research in the Teaching of English, 52(1), 55-76.

Eaton, S. E., Wagner, S., Hirashiki, J., & Ciancio, J. (2018). Understanding and exploring signature pedagogies for TESOL teacher education. University of Calgary.

Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L., & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Sage.

Espino, J. D., Gonzales, D. H. F., & Martin, I. P. (2021). Multilingual English Language Teaching in the Philippines. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 3(3), 110-126.

García, O. (2009). Emergent Bilinguals and TESOL: What's in a Name?. Tesol Quarterly, 43(2), 322-326.

García, O. (2011). Bilingual education in the 21st century: A global perspective. John Wiley & Sons.

García, O., & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, bilingualism and education. Palgrave Pivot. .

García, O., Johnson, S. I., & Seltzer, K. (2017). The translanguaging classroom: Leveraging student bilingualism for learning. Philadelphia, PA: Caslon.

Gee, J. P. (2014). How to do discourse analysis: A toolkit. Routledge.

Grosjean, F. (2001). The bilingual’s language modes. In J. Nicol (Ed.), One mind, two languages: Bilingual language processing (1–22). Oxford: Blackwell.

Hamman, L. (2018). Translanguaging and positioning in two-way dual language classrooms: A case for criticality. Language and Education, 32(1), 21-42.

Hungwe, V. (2019). Using a translanguaging approach in teaching paraphrasing to enhance reading comprehension in first-year students. Reading & Writing-Journal of the Reading Association of South Africa, 10(1), 1-9.

Jadallah, M., & Hassan, F. (2010). A review of some new trends in using L-1 in the EFL classroom. Retrieved from http://www.qou.edu/english/conferences/first NationalConference/pdfFiles/drMufeed.pdf

John, P. W., Mohamad, M., Mahmud, S. N. D., & Fuad, N. I. M. (2021). The Perceptions of Tertiary Level Learners on the Use of Mobile App ‘Balloon Vocabulary’ in Improving Vocabulary for Reading Comprehension. Theory and Practice in

Language Studies, 11(9), 1007-1017.

Ke, I. C., & Lin, S. (2017). A translanguaging approach to TESOL in Taiwan. English Teaching & Learning, 41(1), 33-61.

Kelly, G. J., & Chen, C. (1999). The sound of music: Constructing science as sociocultural practices through oral and written discourse. Journal of Research in Science Teaching: The Official Journal of the National Association for Research

in Science Teaching, 36(8), 883-915.

Kiramba, L. K. (2017). Translanguaging in the writing of emergent multilingual. International Multilingual Research Journal, 11(2), 115-130.

Lau, S. M. C., Juby-Smith, B., & Desbiens, I. (2017). Translanguaging for Transgressive Praxis: Promoting Critical Literacy in a MultiAge Bilingual Classroom. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 14(1), 99–127.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15427587.2016.1242371

Lee, C., & García, G. E. (2021). Understanding Korean-American first-graders written translanguaging practices. Linguistics and Education, 66,1-16.

Lewis, G., Jones, B., & Baker, C. (2012). Translanguaging: Origins and development from school to street and beyond. Educational Research and Evaluation, 18(7), 641-654.

Li, S., & Luo, W. (2017). Creating a Translanguaging Space for High School Emergent Bilinguals. CATESOL Journal, 29(2), 139-162.

Lorimer, R. (2013). Writing across languages: Developing rhetorical attunement. In S. Canagarajah (Ed.), Literacy as translingual practice (162-169). Routledge.

Makalela, L. (2015). Translanguaging as a vehicle for epistemic access: Cases for reading comprehension and multilingual interactions. Per Linguam: a Journal of Language Learning= Per Linguam: Tydskrif vir Taalaanleer, 31(1), 15-29.

Mart, Ç. T. (2013). The facilitating role of L-1 in ESL classes. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(1), 9-14.

Maseko, K., & Mkhize, D. N. (2021). Translanguaging mediating reading in a multilingual South African township primary classroom. International Journal of Multilingualism, 18(3), 455-474.

Mbirimi-Hungwe, V. (2016). Translanguaging as a strategy for group work: Summary writing as a measure for reading comprehension among university students. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 34(3), 241-

Mbirimi-Hungwe, V. (2022). Translanguaging to enhance reading comprehension among first-year medical students: An empirical corroboration. Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts, 8(1), 67-85.

Mgijima, V. D. (2021). Advancing text prediction skills through translanguaging. Reading & Writing, 12(1), 1-10.

Moriarty, M. (2017). Developing resources for translanguaging in minority language contexts: A case study of rapping in an Irish primary school. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 30(1), 76–90.

https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2016.1230623

Mouhanna, M. (2009). Re-Examining the Role of L-1 in the EFL Classroom, Multilingual Matter, 8, 1–19.

Namrullah, Z., Syawal, S., & Nasrullah, A. (2020). Enhancing Reading Comprehension through Translanguaging Strategy. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 11(6), 970-977.

Otheguy, R., García, O., & Reid, W. (2015). Clarifying translanguaging and deconstructing named languages: A perspective from linguistics. Applied Linguistics Review, 6(3), 281–307. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2015-0014

Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic imperialism. Oxford University Press.

Portolés, L., & Martí, O. (2017). Translanguaging as a teaching resource in early language learning of English as an additional language (EAL). Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature, 10(1), 61-77.

Rafi, A. S. M., & Morgan, A. M. (2022). Translanguaging and power in academic writing discourse: the case of a Bangladeshi university. Classroom Discourse, 13(2), 1-23.

Rafi, A. S. M., & Morgan, A. M. (2022). Translanguaging as a transformative act in a reading classroom: Perspectives from a Bangladeshi private university. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 21(1) 1-16.

Rahman, T. (2003). Language policy, multilingualism and language vitality in Pakistan. In Anju, S. & Lars B. (Ed.) Lesser-known languages of South Asia: Status and policies, case studies, and applications of information technology (73-

. De Gruyter Mouton.

Rivera, A. J., & Mazak, C. M. (2017). Analyzing Student Perceptions on Translanguaging: A Case Study of a Puerto Rican University Classroom. How, 24(1), 122–138. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.1.312

Rosen, L. (2017). Multilingualism and translanguaging in Swedish upper secondary school: An exploration of English teacher candidates’ attitudes [Bachelor’s thesis, Stockholms universitet]. Diva Portal. https://www.diva-portal.org/

Sayer, P. (2013). Translanguaging, TexMex, and Bilingual Pedagogy: Emergent Bilinguals Learning Through the Vernacular. TESOL Quarterly, 47(1), 63–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.53

Scott, V. M., & Fuente, M. J. D. L. (2008). What's the problem? L2 learners' use of the L1 during consciousness‐raising, form‐focused tasks. The Modern language journal, 92(1), 100-113.

Shamim, F. (2008). Trends, issues and challenges in English language education in Pakistan. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 28(3), 235–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188790802267324

Storch, N. and G. Wigglesworth. 2003. Is there a role for the use of the L-1 in an L-2 setting? TESOL Quarterly, 37(4), 760–70.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. M. (1997). Grounded Theory in Practice. Sage.

Tang, J. (2002, January). Using L-1 in the English classroom. English Teaching & Learning, 41(1), 33-61.

Turnbull, B. (2019). Translanguaging in the planning of academic and creative writing: A case of adult Japanese EFL learners. Bilingual Research Journal, 42(2), 232-251.

Vaish, V. (2019). Challenges and directions in implementing translanguaging pedagogy for low achieving students. Classroom Discourse, 10(3-4), 274-289.

Velasco, P., & García, O. (2014). Translanguaging and the writing of bilingual learners. Bilingual Research Journal, 37(1), 6-23.

Woodrow, L. (2014). Writing about Quantitative Research in Applied Linguistic. Springer.

Zahra, T., Khan, Q., & Abbas, A. (2020). Exploring Logos of Translanguaging in Language Planning of Pakistani Education System. Kashmir Journal of Language Research, 23(1), 59-78.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/3L-2022-2803-10

Refbacks



 

 

 

eISSN : 2550-2247

ISSN : 0128-5157

https://jurnal.unikal.ac.id/

SITUS TOTO

Toto 4D

SLOT GACOR

SLOT GACOR

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

SLOT88

NANA4D

SLOT88

SLOT88

SITUS TOTO

SITUS TOTO

https://choicemg.com/

Untuk artikel-artikel serupa dan berbagai topik menarik lainnya, silakan eksplorasi lebih lanjut di Angkerzone.com.

Committed to creating a positive impact beyond returns, Barito Renewables integrates ESG principles into its core business objectives. They prioritize public health, safety, and community respect while making critical investments in clean energy. More about their ESG approach can be found at baritorenewables.org.

PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk (PANI) adalah pengembang properti terkemuka di Indonesia yang berkomitmen menghadirkan inovasi cemerlang dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya untuk menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif bagi para pemangku kepentingan. Informasi lebih lanjut mengenai visi korporasi mereka dapat diakses di pantaiindahkapukdua.org.

Commuter Indonesia menghadirkan layanan transportasi kereta api yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung mobilitas berkualitas bagi para pengguna. Informasi lengkap mengenai jadwal, tarif, dan rute perjalanan KRL dapat diakses di situs resmi mereka: commuterindonesia.org.

Informasi Publik

PANI First Quarter 2023

Becoming leading property developer in Indonesia with brilliant innovations to optimize our resources into competitive advantange in order to restore back to stakeholders

Board - of Director

History · PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk · Office · Recent News. Ada Update dari PIK2 (PANI), Aguan Turut Buka Suara. Emiten Agung Sedayu dan Salim Grup

Nomination & Remuneration Committee Member

Audit Committee Members

Vision & Mission

Projects

Bizpark PIK 2

Event

Internal Audit Members

Soho Riverside Boulevard

Environment

Prospectus

Barito Renewables: Penawaran Saham Perdana

Keterbukaan Informasi

Information Disclosure

Harga Saham

Struktur Organisasi

3M-2026 Financial Performance Results

https://kaiwisata.org/

https://www.tugureasuransi.com/

diponegorouniversity.com

https://bandunginstitute.com/

Website resmi KAI Commuter

Commuter Advertising

Pemesanan tiket juga dapat dilakukan melalui Aplikasi Access by KAI (yang juga dapat diakses untuk layanan kereta api bandara oleh KAI Bandara ) dan situs resmi pemesanan tiket oleh KAI Commuter. Metode pembayaran yang tersedia pada https://airport-train.commuterindonesia.org/

Temukan beragam jurnal ilmiah terakreditasi dan terindeks internasional yang mendukung transisi energi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia melalui Portal Jurnal Barito Renewables.

Jelajahi publikasi akses terbuka dari berbagai disiplin ilmu, mulai dari pendidikan bahasa hingga energi panas bumi, yang dikelola dalam satu platform terintegrasi di Barito Renewables Journal Platform.

Dukung riset dan inovasi menuju target emisi nol bersih Indonesia dengan mengakses kumpulan jurnal berkualitas tinggi yang tersedia di Jurnal & Publikasi Barito Renewables.

Tempat terbaik untuk menemukan penelitian terbaru tentang energi terbarukan, pendidikan, dan ilmu sosial, yang dikurasi dalam portal jurnal profesional dari Barito Renewables Open Journal System.

Jelajahi kumpulan jurnal akademik yang berkomitmen pada penyebaran penelitian dan kreasi artistik, berdasarkan prinsip dan nilai humanisme, di Portal de Revistas TempoSCAN.

Temukan publikasi ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu yang mendorong refleksi kritis dan peningkatan pengajaran berkelanjutan, hanya di Portal Jurnal TempoSCAN.

Portal resmi untuk mengakses produksi pengetahuan dan karya analitis dari komunitas akademik dan seni nasional maupun internasional, dikelola oleh TempoSCAN Academic Journals.

Wadah publikasi yang bergantung pada Direktorat Riset dan Pascasarjana, menyediakan akses terbuka ke jurnal-jurnal unggulan di TempoSCAN Journal Portal.

Dilansir dari laman resmi rekrutmen KAI, berikut persyaratan atau kriteria pelamar yang wajib dipenuhi untuk mendaftar lowongan kerja KAI 2026

BINUS UNIVERSITY

Portal Kaiwisata

HRIS Frontliner | KAI Wisata

KAI Services memiliki bidang usaha dengan 2 Core Business yaitu Coverage Service dan Cleaning Building Service yang memiliki Brand Resclean. Resclean Bergerak dalam Bidang Kebersihan yang meliputi Kebersihan dan Keindahan Stasiun (K2), On Trip Cleaning, dan Petugas Cuci Kereta

KAI Services memiliki salah satu bidang usaha dengan Core Business On Board Services yang bernama Restaurant On Train, dengan Branding Kuliner Kereta yang bertugas Mengelola dan Melayani penjualan Makan dan Minum di Setiap Perjalanan Kereta Api.

BINUS Journal – BINUS Higher Education

https://mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://baa.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://pmb.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sso.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sia.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://radenfatah.org/

https://univgadjahmada.com/

https://etd.repository.univgadjahmada.com/

Owner: Sanji

TOGEL

SITUS TOTO

SITUS SLOT

SEPAK BOLA

SEJARAH

Esport

Fakta Unik

Berita Dunia

NANA4D

NANA4D

Menu KFC

Kopi Kenangan

biznet home

PILIHAN SOLUSI LAYANAN INTERNET

Richeese

NANA4D

momoyo

susu cimory

Flip

kasir pintar

nana4d

Harga Berdu

KAI

KAI

NANA4D

Tencent

Cakap

NANA4D

NANA4D

Quipper School Premium

Harvard

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

slot200

Jordan Nike

NANA4D

NANA4D

Bali

TOTO

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

TOTO

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://pemejournal.net

NANA4D

Cek Resi

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://floridacomputerhospital.com

https://expresswebz.com

https://ctpcr.org

https://nipngr.org

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

https://vasstuviswanath.com

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://mentor.bkmc.edu.pk

https://rcportal.bkmc.edu.pk

https://qec.bkmc.edu.pk

https://test.bkmc.edu.pk

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://apmp.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://policabos.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://ebdi.agenciamoustache.com.br

NANA4D