“The Song of Words”: Teaching Multi-Word Units with Songs

Ewa Tomczak, Robert Lew

Abstract


The need to integrate songs into English Language Teaching (ELT) has been recognized on numerous occasions. Song lyrics host multi-word units which learners can reuse as building blocks in their English, thereby reducing language processing time and effort, and improving their fluency as well as idiomaticity, thus bringing them closer to the native speaker norm. We report on two studies into the effectiveness of using songs for teaching multi-word units to high-school Polish learners of English. The same items were taught to two groups of EFL learners, but only one of the groups heard them in a song. Learners’ vocabulary recall was measured at three points in time relative to the teaching: before, immediately after, and a week after. The group taught with songs showed a significant recall advantage over the other group, especially when tested a week from teaching. The results suggest that songs can be an effective vehicle for teaching English multi-word units.

 

Keywords: song; English; vocabulary learning; multi-word units; formulaic language; positive psychology


Full Text:

PDF

References


Arbib, M. A. (Ed.). (2013). Language, Music, and the Brain: A Mysterious Relationship. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Baddeley, A. D. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 4(11), 417–423.

Baddeley, A. D. (2001). The concept of episodic memory. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. 356(1413), 1345–1350.

Bally, C. (1909). Traité de stylistique française. Paris: Klincksieck.

Becker, J. D. (1975). The phrasal lexicon. In Y. Wilks (Ed.), TINLAP ‘75. Proceedings of the 1975 workshop on Theoretical issues in natural language processing (pp. 60–63). Cambridge, MA: Association for Computational Linguistics.

Bergenholtz, H. & Gouws, R. (2013). A Lexicographical Perspective on the Classification of Multiword Combinations. International Journal of Lexicography. 27(1), 1–24.

Boers, F. & Lindstromberg, S. (2008). Phonemic repetition and the learning of lexical chunks: the power of assonance. System. 36(3), 423–436.

Carter, R. & McCarthy, M. (Eds.). (1988). Vocabulary and language teaching. London: Longman.

Chen, Z. & Cowan, N. (2009). How verbal memory loads consume attention. Memory & Cognition. 37(6), 829–836.

Christenson, P. G., de Haan-Rietdijk, S., Roberts, D. F. & ter Bogt, T. F. M. (2019). What has America been singing about? Trends in themes in the U.S. top-40 songs: 1960–2010. Psychology of Music. 47(2), 194–212.

Cobb, T. M. (2018). From corpus to CALL: The use of technology in teaching and learning formulaic language. In A. Siyanova-Chanturia & A. Pellicer-Sánchez (Eds.), Understanding Formulaic Language: A Second Language Acquisition Perspective (pp. 192–210).

New York: Routledge.

Conklin, K. & Schmitt, N. (2008). Formulaic sequences: Are they processed more quickly than nonformulaic language by native and nonnative speakers? Applied Linguistics. 29(1), 72–89.

Cowan, N. & Chen, Z. (2009). How chunks form in long-term memory and affect short-term memory limits. In A. Thorn & M. Page (Eds.), Interactions Between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain (pp. 86–107). New York: Psychology

Press.

Cowie, A. P. (1981). The treatment of collocations and idioms in learners’ dictionaries. Applied Linguistics. 2(3), 223–235.

Cowie, A. P. (1988). Stable and creative aspects of vocabulary use. In R. Carter & M. McCarthy (Eds.), Vocabulary and language teaching (pp. 126–139). London, New York: Longman.

Cowie, A. P. (2001). Speech formulae in English: problems of analysis and dictionary treatment. In G. Van der Meer & A. G. B. Ter Meulen (Eds.), Making Senses: From Lexeme to Discourse. In Honor of Werner Abraham (pp. 1–12). Groningen: Center for

language and Cognition.

Coyle, Y. & Gómez Gracia, R. (2014). Using songs to enhance L2 vocabulary acquisition in preschool children. ELT Journal. 68(3), 276–285.

De Groot, A. M. B. & Smedinga, H. E. (2014). Let the music play! : A short-term but no long-term detrimental effect of vocal background music with familiar language lyrics on foreign language vocabulary learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition.

(4), 681–707.

Fonseca-Mora, C. (2000). Foreign language acquisition and melody singing. ELT Journal. 54(2), 146-152.

Fonseca-Mora, C. & Machancoses, F. H. (2016). Music and Language Learning: Emotions and Engaging Memory Pathways. In P. D. MacIntyre, T. Gregersen & S. Mercer (Eds.), Positive psychology in SLA (pp. 359). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Granger, S. & Paquot, M. (2008). Disentangling the phraseological web. In S. Granger & F. Meunier (Eds.), Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Hahn, S. M. (1972). The effect of music in the learning and retention of lexical items in German. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED119455.pdf

Hudson, R. (1988). The linguistic foundations for lexical research and dictionary design. International Journal of Lexicography. 1, 287–312.

Jolly, Y. S. (1975). The use of songs in teaching foreign languages. Modern Language Journal. 59(1/2), 11–14.

Kitichaiwat, P., Thongsuk, M. & Ngamsuriyaroj, S. (2014). Melody touch: A game for learning English from songs Proceedings of the 2014 3rd ICT International Senior Project Conference, ICT-ISPC 2014 (pp. 13–16).

Krashen, S. D. (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and implications. London, New York: Longman

Lo, R. S. M. & Li, H. C. F. (1998). Songs enhance learner involvement: Materials development. English Teaching Forum. 36(3), 8–11.

Ludke, K. M. (2009). Teaching foreign language through songs. Teacher’s Workbook. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.

Ludke, K. M., Ferreira, F. & Overy, K. (2014). Singing can facilitate foreign language learning. Memory & Cognition. 42(1), 41–52.

MacIntyre, P. D. & Mercer, S. (2014). Introducing positive psychology to SLA. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching. 4(2), 153-172.

McElhinney, M. & Annett, J. M. (1996). Pattern of Efficacy of a Musical Mnemonic on Recall of Familiar Words over Several Presentations. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 82(2), 395–400.

Miller, G. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review. 63(2), 81–97.

Murphey, T. (1990). Song and music in language learning. Bern: Peter Lang.

Nambiar, S. A. (1993). Pop songs in language teaching. In J. W. Oller Jr (Ed.), Methods that work: Ideas for literacy and language teachers (pp. 335–338). Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.

Nation, P. (2001). Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nattinger, J. R. (1988). Some current trends in vocabulary teaching. In R. Carter & M. McCarthy (Eds.), Vocabulary and language teaching (pp. 62–82). London, New York: Longman.

Nattinger, J. R. & DeCarrico, J. S. (1992). Lexical phrases and language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Pawley, A. & Syder, F. H. (1983). Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Nativelike selection and nativelike fluency. In J. C. Richards & R. W. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and communication (pp. 191–227). London: Longman.

Pellicer-Sánchez, A. & Boers, F. (2018). Pedagogical approaches to the teaching and learning of formulaic language. In A. Siyanova-Chanturia & A. Pellicer-Sánchez (Eds.), Understanding Formulaic Language: A Second Language Acquisition Perspective. New

York: Routledge.

Peters, A. M. (1983). The units of language acquisition (Vol. 198). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. (1969). Songs in language learning. Tesol Quarterly. 3(2), 161–174.

Rukholm, V. N., Helms-Park, R., Odgaard, E. C., & Smyth, R. (2018). Facilitating lexical acquisition in beginner learners of Italian through spoken or sung lyrics. Canadian Modern Language Review. 74(1), 153–175.

Schoepp, K. (2001). Reasons for using songs in the ESL/EFL classroom. The Internet TESL Journal. 7(2), 1–4.

Siek-Piskozub, T. (1998). Songs in foreign language learning and teaching. In S. Puppel (Ed.), Scripta Manent (pp. 193-202). Poznań: Motivex.

Siek-Piskozub, T. (2016). The compatibility of positive psychology and the Ludic strategy in foreign language education. Glottodidactica. 43(1), 97–106.

Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus, concordance, collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sinclair, J. (Ed.). (1987). Looking up: An Account of the COBUILD Project in Lexical Computing and the Development of the Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary. London - Glasgow: Collins ELT.

Smith Salcedo, C. (2010). The effects of songs in the foreign language classroom on text recall, delayed text recall and involuntary mental rehearsal. Journal of College Teaching & Learning. 7(6), 19–30.

Tamminen, J., Rastle, K., Darby, J., Lucas, R. & Williamson, V. J. (2017). The impact of music on learning and consolidation of novel words. Memory. 25(1), 107–121.

Tegge, F. (2015). Investigating song-based language teaching and its effect on lexical learning. (Ph.D. Thesis), Victoria University of Wellington.

Tegge, F. (2017). The lexical coverage of popular songs in English language teaching. System. 67, 87–98.

Tegge, F. (2018). Pop songs in the classroom: Time-filler or teaching tool? ELT Journal. 72(3), 274–284.

Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of memory (pp. 381–403). Oxford: Academic Press.

Underwood, G., Schmitt, N. & Galpin, A. (2004). The eyes have it: An eye-movement study into the processing of formulaic sequences. In N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic sequences: Acquisition, processing and use (pp. 153–172). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Vural, F. G. (2018). The significance of music in teaching Turkish. New Research of Tuva. 2018(1), 113-121.

Wallace, W. T. (1994). Memory for music: Effect of melody on recall of text. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 20(6), 1471–1485.

Wilson, B. & Baddeley, A. D. (1988). Semantic, episodic, and autobiographical memory in a postmeningitic amnesic patient. Brain and Cognition. 8(1), 31–46.

Wray, A. & Perkins, M. R. (2000). The functions of formulaic language: An integrated model. Language & Communication. 20(1), 1–28.

Yarmakeev, I. E., Pimenova, T. S., Abdrafikova, A. R. & Syunina, A. S. (2016). Folk songs do magic in teaching speech and grammar patterns in EFL class. Journal of Language and Literature. 7(1), 235–240.

Виноградов, В. В. (1947). Русский язык: грамматическое учение о слове. Москва: Учпедгиз.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/3L-2019-2504-02

Refbacks



 

 

 

eISSN : 2550-2247

ISSN : 0128-5157

https://jurnal.unikal.ac.id/

SITUS TOTO

Toto 4D

SLOT GACOR

SLOT GACOR

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

SLOT88

NANA4D

SLOT88

SLOT88

SITUS TOTO

SITUS TOTO

https://choicemg.com/

Untuk artikel-artikel serupa dan berbagai topik menarik lainnya, silakan eksplorasi lebih lanjut di Angkerzone.com.

Committed to creating a positive impact beyond returns, Barito Renewables integrates ESG principles into its core business objectives. They prioritize public health, safety, and community respect while making critical investments in clean energy. More about their ESG approach can be found at baritorenewables.org.

PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk (PANI) adalah pengembang properti terkemuka di Indonesia yang berkomitmen menghadirkan inovasi cemerlang dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya untuk menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif bagi para pemangku kepentingan. Informasi lebih lanjut mengenai visi korporasi mereka dapat diakses di pantaiindahkapukdua.org.

Commuter Indonesia menghadirkan layanan transportasi kereta api yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung mobilitas berkualitas bagi para pengguna. Informasi lengkap mengenai jadwal, tarif, dan rute perjalanan KRL dapat diakses di situs resmi mereka: commuterindonesia.org.

Informasi Publik

PANI First Quarter 2023

Becoming leading property developer in Indonesia with brilliant innovations to optimize our resources into competitive advantange in order to restore back to stakeholders

Board - of Director

History · PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk · Office · Recent News. Ada Update dari PIK2 (PANI), Aguan Turut Buka Suara. Emiten Agung Sedayu dan Salim Grup

Nomination & Remuneration Committee Member

Audit Committee Members

Vision & Mission

Projects

Bizpark PIK 2

Event

Internal Audit Members

Soho Riverside Boulevard

Environment

Prospectus

Barito Renewables: Penawaran Saham Perdana

Keterbukaan Informasi

Information Disclosure

Harga Saham

Struktur Organisasi

3M-2026 Financial Performance Results

https://kaiwisata.org/

https://www.tugureasuransi.com/

diponegorouniversity.com

https://bandunginstitute.com/

Website resmi KAI Commuter

Commuter Advertising

Pemesanan tiket juga dapat dilakukan melalui Aplikasi Access by KAI (yang juga dapat diakses untuk layanan kereta api bandara oleh KAI Bandara ) dan situs resmi pemesanan tiket oleh KAI Commuter. Metode pembayaran yang tersedia pada https://airport-train.commuterindonesia.org/

Temukan beragam jurnal ilmiah terakreditasi dan terindeks internasional yang mendukung transisi energi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia melalui Portal Jurnal Barito Renewables.

Jelajahi publikasi akses terbuka dari berbagai disiplin ilmu, mulai dari pendidikan bahasa hingga energi panas bumi, yang dikelola dalam satu platform terintegrasi di Barito Renewables Journal Platform.

Dukung riset dan inovasi menuju target emisi nol bersih Indonesia dengan mengakses kumpulan jurnal berkualitas tinggi yang tersedia di Jurnal & Publikasi Barito Renewables.

Tempat terbaik untuk menemukan penelitian terbaru tentang energi terbarukan, pendidikan, dan ilmu sosial, yang dikurasi dalam portal jurnal profesional dari Barito Renewables Open Journal System.

Jelajahi kumpulan jurnal akademik yang berkomitmen pada penyebaran penelitian dan kreasi artistik, berdasarkan prinsip dan nilai humanisme, di Portal de Revistas TempoSCAN.

Temukan publikasi ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu yang mendorong refleksi kritis dan peningkatan pengajaran berkelanjutan, hanya di Portal Jurnal TempoSCAN.

Portal resmi untuk mengakses produksi pengetahuan dan karya analitis dari komunitas akademik dan seni nasional maupun internasional, dikelola oleh TempoSCAN Academic Journals.

Wadah publikasi yang bergantung pada Direktorat Riset dan Pascasarjana, menyediakan akses terbuka ke jurnal-jurnal unggulan di TempoSCAN Journal Portal.

Dilansir dari laman resmi rekrutmen KAI, berikut persyaratan atau kriteria pelamar yang wajib dipenuhi untuk mendaftar lowongan kerja KAI 2026

BINUS UNIVERSITY

Portal Kaiwisata

HRIS Frontliner | KAI Wisata

KAI Services memiliki bidang usaha dengan 2 Core Business yaitu Coverage Service dan Cleaning Building Service yang memiliki Brand Resclean. Resclean Bergerak dalam Bidang Kebersihan yang meliputi Kebersihan dan Keindahan Stasiun (K2), On Trip Cleaning, dan Petugas Cuci Kereta

KAI Services memiliki salah satu bidang usaha dengan Core Business On Board Services yang bernama Restaurant On Train, dengan Branding Kuliner Kereta yang bertugas Mengelola dan Melayani penjualan Makan dan Minum di Setiap Perjalanan Kereta Api.

BINUS Journal – BINUS Higher Education

https://mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://baa.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://pmb.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sso.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sia.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://radenfatah.org/

https://univgadjahmada.com/

https://etd.repository.univgadjahmada.com/

Owner: Sanji

TOGEL

SITUS TOTO

SITUS SLOT

SEPAK BOLA

SEJARAH

Esport

Fakta Unik

Berita Dunia

NANA4D

NANA4D

Menu KFC

Kopi Kenangan

biznet home

PILIHAN SOLUSI LAYANAN INTERNET

Richeese

NANA4D

momoyo

susu cimory

Flip

kasir pintar

nana4d

Harga Berdu

KAI

KAI

NANA4D

Tencent

Cakap

NANA4D

NANA4D

Quipper School Premium

Harvard

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

slot200

Jordan Nike

NANA4D

NANA4D

Bali

TOTO

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

TOTO

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://pemejournal.net

NANA4D

Cek Resi

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://floridacomputerhospital.com

https://expresswebz.com

https://ctpcr.org

https://nipngr.org

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

https://vasstuviswanath.com

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://mentor.bkmc.edu.pk

https://rcportal.bkmc.edu.pk

https://qec.bkmc.edu.pk

https://test.bkmc.edu.pk

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://apmp.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://policabos.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://ebdi.agenciamoustache.com.br

NANA4D